Frida is an open-source dynamic instrumentation toolkit that has become popular in recent years, and its use in mobile security is especially prevalent.
In this post, I would like to provide a general introduction to the tool and show some examples of how it can also be used on the Windows platform.
This post provides detailed analysis and an exploit achieving remote code execution for CVE-2020-10882, which was used at Pwn2Own 2019, on the TP-Link Archer C7: This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of TP-Link Archer A7 AC1750 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the tdpServer service, which listens on UDP port 20002 by default. When parsing the slave_mac parameter, the process does not properly validate a user-supplied string before using it to execute a system call.
In this post, we will cover the vulnerabilities used at Pwn2Own 2020 for the Oracle VirtualBox escape. These two vulnerabilities affect Oracle VirtualBox 6.1.4 and prior versions.
Half a year ago, I found a vulnerability in libFontParser.dylib, which is a part of CoreGraphics library that is widely used in macOS, iOS, iPadOS to parse and render fonts. This vulnerability was patched in iOS 13.5.1 & macOS 10.15.5. In this writeup, I will describe the bug in detail in hopes that it will help others to better understand this vulnerability. This issue could allow an attacker to execute code during the parsing of a malicious font.
While processing the URL for any blacklisted XSS list like the script tag in the check_xss_blacklist function, a stack buffer overflow is possible by extending the length of the URL when accessing the web interface of the ASUS Router. To exploit it, stack pivoting technique is used before chaining up ROP gadgets to call our own custom command. In this post, we show how this can be exploited to get a reverse shell.
As part of my month-long internship at STAR Labs, I was introduced to VirtualBox and learnt much about bug hunting and triaging, root-cause analysis and exploitation. This post will detail a use-after-free bug I found during the duration of the internship, and specifics on the VM escape exploit that I wrote utilising the bug. The latest version at the point of reporting was VirtualBox 6.1.2 r135662.
Last year, I participated in the TianFu Cup competition in Chengdu, China. The chosen target was the Adobe Reader. This post will detail a use-after-free bug of JSObject. My exploit is not clean and not an optimal solution. I have finished this exploit through lots of trial and error. It involves lots of heap shaping code which I no longer remember exactly why they are there. I would highly suggest that you read the full exploit code and do the debugging yourself if necessary. This blog post was written based on a Windows 10 host with Adobe Reader.
I have been into the vulnerability research field for a while now, and VirtualBox is my very first target. I have learned a lot along the way and I hope that anyone who are interested in escaping hypervisors can find something useful from these notes. I assume that you have some basic knowledge on memory corruption, hypervisor architecture and device I/O.